Vertical externalities in the provision of public inputs

This paper studies the provision of public inputs in a federal system. A vertical tax externality is also considered. A simple general equilibrium model is used to analyze the efficiency of the equilibria under different scenarios. The results show that the state provision of public inputs may affect ambiguously federal tax revenues, depending on vertical tax externality, among others things. Moreover, it is proved that achieving a second best allocation is not straightforward for a federal government that plays a Stackelberg leader.Fiscal federalism, vertical externality, productive public spending.

On the states' behavior with equalization grants

This paper discusses how the state government's behavior is affected when the so-called Representative Tax System (RTS) equalization scheme is implemented. In particular, we study the changes in the marginal cost of the public funds (MCPF), and in the first order conditions for the optimal provision of a public input. A reduction in the MCPF is to be expected when lump-sum grants are replaced by RTS equalization transfers. However, this result has to be qualified under certain assumptions. Also we find that there does not exist an unambiguous relationship between the degree of fiscal equalization and the marginal cost of providing the public input and the tax setting. Production efficiency condition in the provision of public inputs holds with both types of vertical transfers.Fiscal federalism, MCPF, vertical transfers.

Linking public investment to private investment. The case of the Spanish regions

Public investment constitutes one of the main axes of the regional policies. The existence of a direct link between infrastructure and regional income per capita is generally accepted. Also literature describes a positive effect of public investor effort on private capital accumulation. This paper seeks to offer empirical evidence of this latter relationship for the case of the Spanish regions over period 1965-1995. We use a crowding-out theoretical framework and panel data methodology. The results show a positive effect of productive and social public capital on private investment and productivity of private capital. The spillovers effects generated by infrastructures located in other regions do not seem to encourage private investment in an individual region.Crowding-out, infrastructures, panel data, unit roots.

Linking public investment to private investment.

Literature describes a positive effect of public investment on private capital accumulation. This paper seeks to provide new empirical evidence on this latter relationship for the case of Spanish regions over period 1965-1997. We use a crowding-out theoretical framework and panel data methodology. The results show a positive effect of productive and social public investment (especially in education) on private investment. The spillover effects generated by productive infrastructures located in other regions do not seem to encourage private investment in neighbouring regions. Public consumption and interest rate exert a negative influence on private capital accumulation. These results are robust to changes in the econometric specification.Crowding-out, regional economics, investment, panel data.

The role of new technologies in the economic growth of Andalucia

This paper explores the contribution of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) on economic growth and labor productivity growth of Andalucía during 1995-2004. We find that the contribution of ICT assets to total market GVA growth is quantitatively modest. Anyway the contribution to GVA growth and employment growth within the intensive ICT sectors has experienced a considerable increase in Andalucía. Although our analysis detects that intensive ICT sectors exhibit a high productivity level with respect to that of the non intensive ones, our main conclusion is that the advantages that might emerge from the use of ICT are nor yet observable in the economic dynamics of Andalucía, at least in a similar manner to that of the most developed.Information and Communication Technologies, productivity growth, regional growth

Persistence in inequalities across the Spanish regions.

This paper investigates several issues concerning persistence in inequalities of relative income per capita among the Spanish regions over 1980-2002. For that purpose we take a Bayesian approach which extends the work by Canova and Marcet (1995). Firstly, we study to what extent there exists a fixed effect bias in the standard cross-section estimates, and we find that the speed of convergence is indeed underestimated. Secondly, we provide a battery of results in which steady states and convergence rates have been obtained for a continuum of prior distributions. Finally, we also deal with persistence in inequalites by determining whether initial conditions matter in the distribution of regional steady states, and our conclusion is that regional disparities tend to persist over time in Spain.Convergence, Inequalities, Bayesian Econometrics, Gibbs sampling.

An Exploration into the Effects of Fiscal Variables on Regional Growth

This paper explores the effects of several fiscal variables on regional economic growth in Spain over period 1965-1997. Panel estimates are provided for this sample. The results show that public consumption affects negatively growth, public investment exerts a positive (but non significant) effect on growth rate and public deficit reduces private investment and hence economic growth. The effects of taxes and social benefits seem not to be beneficial for regional growth. Alternative estimates to deal with specification problems are considered.Economic growth, fiscal policy, regional economics.

Holographic interference in atomic photoionization from a semiclassical standpoint

A theoretical study of the interference pattern imprinted on the doubly differential momentum distribution of the photoelectron due to atomic ionization induced by a short laser pulse is developed from a semiclassical standpoint. We use the semiclassical two-step model of Shvetsov-Shilovski et al. [Phys. Rev. A 94, 013415 (2016)2469-992610.1103/PhysRevA.94.013415] to elucidate the nature of the holographic structure. Three different types of trajectories are characterized during the ionization process by a single-cycle pulse with three different types of interferences. We show that the holographic interference arises from the ionization yield only during the first half cycle of the pulse, whereas the coherent superposition of electron trajectories during the first half cycle and the second half cycle gives rise to two other kinds of intracycle interference. Although the picture of interference of a reference beam and a signal beam is adequate, we show that our results for the formation of the holographic pattern agree with the glory rescattering theory of Xia et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 143201 (2018)10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.143201]. We probe the two-step semiclassical model by comparing it to the numerical results of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation.Fil: López, Sebastián David. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Arbo, Diego. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; Argentin

Persistence in inequalities across the Spanish regions

In this paper we investigate several issues concerning persistence in inequalities of relative income per capita among the Spanish regions over 1980-2002. For that purpose we take a Bayesian approach which extends the work by Canova and Marcet (1995). Firstly, we study to what extent there exists a fixed effect bias in the standard cross-section estimates, and we find that the speed of convergence is indeed underestimated. Secondly, we provide a battery of results in which steady states and convergence rates have been obtained for a continuum of prior distributions. Finally, we also deal with persistence in inequalites by determining whether initial conditions matter in the distribution of regional steady states, and our conclusion is that regional disparities tend to persist over time in Spain.Convergence, Inequalities, Bayesian Econometrics, Gibbs sampling